初次提交

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/.classpath

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<classpath>
+	<classpathentry kind="src" path="src"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="src" path="gen"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="con" path="com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.ANDROID_FRAMEWORK"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="output" path="bin"/>
+</classpath>

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/.project

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<projectDescription>
+	<name>Sample8_4</name>
+	<comment></comment>
+	<projects>
+	</projects>
+	<buildSpec>
+		<buildCommand>
+			<name>com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.ResourceManagerBuilder</name>
+			<arguments>
+			</arguments>
+		</buildCommand>
+		<buildCommand>
+			<name>com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.PreCompilerBuilder</name>
+			<arguments>
+			</arguments>
+		</buildCommand>
+		<buildCommand>
+			<name>org.eclipse.jdt.core.javabuilder</name>
+			<arguments>
+			</arguments>
+		</buildCommand>
+		<buildCommand>
+			<name>com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.ApkBuilder</name>
+			<arguments>
+			</arguments>
+		</buildCommand>
+	</buildSpec>
+	<natures>
+		<nature>com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.AndroidNature</nature>
+		<nature>org.eclipse.jdt.core.javanature</nature>
+	</natures>
+</projectDescription>

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/.settings/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs

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+#Thu Nov 17 19:00:40 CST 2011
+eclipse.preferences.version=1
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.codegen.inlineJsrBytecode=enabled
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.codegen.targetPlatform=1.6
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.codegen.unusedLocal=preserve
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.compliance=1.6
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.debug.lineNumber=generate
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.debug.localVariable=generate
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.debug.sourceFile=generate
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.problem.assertIdentifier=error
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.problem.enumIdentifier=error
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.source=1.6

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/AndroidManifest.xml

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+      package="com.bn.Sample8_4"
+      android:versionCode="1"
+      android:versionName="1.0">
+    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />
+
+    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
+        <activity android:name=".MyActivity"
+                  android:label="@string/app_name">
+            <intent-filter>
+                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
+                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
+            </intent-filter>
+        </activity>
+
+    </application>
+</manifest>

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/assets/frag_color.sh

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+precision mediump float;
+varying  vec4 vaColor; //接收从顶点着色器过来的参数
+void main()                         
+{
+	vec4 finalColor =vaColor;
+	gl_FragColor = finalColor;//给此片元颜色值
+}              

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/assets/frag_tex.sh

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+precision mediump float;
+varying vec2 vTextureCoord;//接收从顶点着色器过来的参数
+uniform sampler2D sTexture;//纹理内容数据
+void main()                         
+{           
+   //给此片元从纹理中采样出颜色值            
+   gl_FragColor = texture2D(sTexture, vTextureCoord); 
+}              

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/assets/vertex_color.sh

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+uniform mat4 uMVPMatrix; //总变换矩阵
+attribute vec3 aPosition;  //顶点位置
+attribute vec4 aColor;    //顶点颜色
+varying  vec4 vaColor;  //用于传递给片元着色器的变量
+void main()     
+{                            		
+   gl_Position = uMVPMatrix * vec4(aPosition,1); //根据总变换矩阵计算此次绘制此顶点位置
+   vaColor = aColor;//将接收的颜色传递给片元着色器
+}                      

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/assets/vertex_tex.sh

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+uniform mat4 uMVPMatrix; //总变换矩阵
+attribute vec3 aPosition;  //顶点位置
+attribute vec2 aTexCoor;    //顶点纹理坐标
+varying vec2 vTextureCoord;  //用于传递给片元着色器的变量
+void main()     
+{                            		
+   gl_Position = uMVPMatrix * vec4(aPosition,1); //根据总变换矩阵计算此次绘制此顶点位置
+   vTextureCoord = aTexCoor;//将接收的纹理坐标传递给片元着色器
+}

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/default.properties

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+# This file is automatically generated by Android Tools.
+# Do not modify this file -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE ERASED!
+#
+# This file must be checked in Version Control Systems.
+#
+# To customize properties used by the Ant build system use,
+# "build.properties", and override values to adapt the script to your
+# project structure.
+
+# Project target.
+target=android-8

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/gen/com/bn/Sample8_4/R.java

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+/* AUTO-GENERATED FILE.  DO NOT MODIFY.
+ *
+ * This class was automatically generated by the
+ * aapt tool from the resource data it found.  It
+ * should not be modified by hand.
+ */
+
+package com.bn.Sample8_4;
+
+public final class R {
+    public static final class attr {
+    }
+    public static final class drawable {
+        public static final int android_robot0=0x7f020000;
+        public static final int icon=0x7f020001;
+    }
+    public static final class id {
+        public static final int RadioButton01=0x7f050003;
+        public static final int RadioButton02=0x7f050004;
+        public static final int RadioGroup01=0x7f050001;
+        public static final int main_liner=0x7f050000;
+        public static final int textView1=0x7f050002;
+    }
+    public static final class layout {
+        public static final int main=0x7f030000;
+    }
+    public static final class string {
+        public static final int app_name=0x7f040001;
+        public static final int hello=0x7f040000;
+    }
+}

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/proguard.cfg

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+-optimizationpasses 5
+-dontusemixedcaseclassnames
+-dontskipnonpubliclibraryclasses
+-dontpreverify
+-verbose
+-optimizations !code/simplification/arithmetic,!field/*,!class/merging/*
+
+-keep public class * extends android.app.Activity
+-keep public class * extends android.app.Application
+-keep public class * extends android.app.Service
+-keep public class * extends android.content.BroadcastReceiver
+-keep public class * extends android.content.ContentProvider
+-keep public class * extends android.app.backup.BackupAgentHelper
+-keep public class * extends android.preference.Preference
+-keep public class com.android.vending.licensing.ILicensingService
+
+-keepclasseswithmembernames class * {
+    native <methods>;
+}
+
+-keepclasseswithmembers class * {
+    public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet);
+}
+
+-keepclasseswithmembers class * {
+    public <init>(android.content.Context, android.util.AttributeSet, int);
+}
+
+-keepclassmembers class * extends android.app.Activity {
+   public void *(android.view.View);
+}
+
+-keepclassmembers enum * {
+    public static **[] values();
+    public static ** valueOf(java.lang.String);
+}
+
+-keep class * implements android.os.Parcelable {
+  public static final android.os.Parcelable$Creator *;
+}

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/res/layout/main.xml

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    android:orientation="vertical"
+    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
+    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
+    android:id="@+id/main_liner"
+    >
+	<RadioGroup 
+        android:id="@+id/RadioGroup01" 
+        android:orientation="horizontal"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content">
+		  <TextView 
+		  	android:text="填充方式：" 
+		  	android:id="@+id/textView1" 
+		  	android:textSize="16dip"
+		  	android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
+		  	android:layout_height="wrap_content">
+		  </TextView>
+	      <RadioButton 
+	         android:text="面填充" 
+	         android:id="@+id/RadioButton01"
+	         android:checked="true"  
+	         android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
+	         android:layout_height="wrap_content">
+	      </RadioButton>   
+	      <RadioButton 
+	         android:text="线填充" 
+	         android:id="@+id/RadioButton02"
+	         android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
+	         android:layout_height="wrap_content">
+	      </RadioButton>  
+	</RadioGroup>
+</LinearLayout>

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/res/values/strings.xml

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<resources>
+    <string name="hello">Hello World, Sample9_1Activity!</string>
+    <string name="app_name">Sample8_4</string>
+</resources>

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/src/com/bn/Sample8_4/MatrixState.java

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+package com.bn.Sample8_4;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
+import android.opengl.Matrix;
+
+//存储系统矩阵状态的类
+public class MatrixState 
+{  
+	private static float[] mProjMatrix = new float[16];//4x4矩阵 投影用
+    private static float[] mVMatrix = new float[16];//摄像机位置朝向9参数矩阵   
+    private static float[] currMatrix;//当前变换矩阵
+    public static float[] lightLocation=new float[]{0,0,0};//定位光光源位置
+    public static FloatBuffer cameraFB;    
+    public static FloatBuffer lightPositionFB;
+      
+    //保护变换矩阵的栈
+    static float[][] mStack=new float[10][16];
+    static int stackTop=-1;
+    
+    public static void setInitStack()//获取不变换初始矩阵
+    {
+    	currMatrix=new float[16];
+    	Matrix.setRotateM(currMatrix, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0);
+    }
+    
+    public static void pushMatrix()//保护变换矩阵
+    {
+    	stackTop++;
+    	for(int i=0;i<16;i++)
+    	{
+    		mStack[stackTop][i]=currMatrix[i];
+    	}
+    }
+    
+    public static void popMatrix()//恢复变换矩阵
+    {
+    	for(int i=0;i<16;i++)
+    	{
+    		currMatrix[i]=mStack[stackTop][i];
+    	}
+    	stackTop--;
+    }
+    
+    public static void translate(float x,float y,float z)//设置沿xyz轴移动
+    {
+    	Matrix.translateM(currMatrix, 0, x, y, z);
+    }
+    
+    public static void rotate(float angle,float x,float y,float z)//设置绕xyz轴移动
+    {
+    	Matrix.rotateM(currMatrix,0,angle,x,y,z);
+    }
+    
+    public static void scale(float x,float y,float z)
+    {
+    	Matrix.scaleM(currMatrix,0, x, y, z);
+    }
+    
+    //插入自带矩阵
+    public static void matrix(float[] self)
+    {
+    	float[] result=new float[16];
+    	Matrix.multiplyMM(result,0,currMatrix,0,self,0);
+    	currMatrix=result;
+    }
+    
+    
+    //设置摄像机
+    static ByteBuffer llbb= ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(3*4);
+    static float[] cameraLocation=new float[3];//摄像机位置
+    public static void setCamera
+    (
+    		float cx,	//摄像机位置x
+    		float cy,   //摄像机位置y
+    		float cz,   //摄像机位置z
+    		float tx,   //摄像机目标点x
+    		float ty,   //摄像机目标点y
+    		float tz,   //摄像机目标点z
+    		float upx,  //摄像机UP向量X分量
+    		float upy,  //摄像机UP向量Y分量
+    		float upz   //摄像机UP向量Z分量		
+    )
+    {
+        	Matrix.setLookAtM
+            (
+            		mVMatrix, 
+            		0, 
+            		cx,
+            		cy,
+            		cz,
+            		tx,
+            		ty,
+            		tz,
+            		upx,
+            		upy,
+            		upz
+            );
+        	
+        	cameraLocation[0]=cx;
+        	cameraLocation[1]=cy;
+        	cameraLocation[2]=cz;
+        	
+        	llbb.clear();
+            llbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());//设置字节顺序
+            cameraFB=llbb.asFloatBuffer();
+            cameraFB.put(cameraLocation);
+            cameraFB.position(0);  
+    }
+    
+    //设置透视投影参数
+    public static void setProjectFrustum
+    ( 
+    	float left,		//near面的left
+    	float right,    //near面的right
+    	float bottom,   //near面的bottom
+    	float top,      //near面的top
+    	float near,		//near面距离
+    	float far       //far面距离
+    )
+    {
+    	Matrix.frustumM(mProjMatrix, 0, left, right, bottom, top, near, far);
+    }
+    
+    //设置正交投影参数
+    public static void setProjectOrtho
+    (
+    	float left,		//near面的left
+    	float right,    //near面的right
+    	float bottom,   //near面的bottom
+    	float top,      //near面的top
+    	float near,		//near面距离
+    	float far       //far面距离
+    )
+    {    	
+    	Matrix.orthoM(mProjMatrix, 0, left, right, bottom, top, near, far);
+    }   
+    //获取具体物体的总变换矩阵
+    static float[] mMVPMatrix=new float[16];
+    public static float[] getFinalMatrix()
+    {	
+    	Matrix.multiplyMM(mMVPMatrix, 0, mVMatrix, 0, currMatrix, 0);
+        Matrix.multiplyMM(mMVPMatrix, 0, mProjMatrix, 0, mMVPMatrix, 0);        
+        return mMVPMatrix;
+    }
+    
+    //获取具体物体的变换矩阵
+    public static float[] getMMatrix()
+    {       
+        return currMatrix;
+    }
+    
+    //获取投影矩阵
+    public static float[] getProjMatrix()
+    {
+		return mProjMatrix;
+    }
+    
+    //获取摄像机朝向的矩阵
+    public static float[] getCaMatrix()
+    {
+		return mVMatrix;
+    }
+    
+    
+    
+    //设置灯光位置的方法
+    static ByteBuffer llbbL = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(3*4);
+    public static void setLightLocation(float x,float y,float z)
+    {
+    	llbbL.clear();
+    	
+    	lightLocation[0]=x;
+    	lightLocation[1]=y;
+    	lightLocation[2]=z;
+    	
+        llbbL.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());//设置字节顺序
+        lightPositionFB=llbbL.asFloatBuffer();
+        lightPositionFB.put(lightLocation);
+        lightPositionFB.position(0);
+    }
+}

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/src/com/bn/Sample8_4/MyActivity.java

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+package com.bn.Sample8_4;
+
+import android.app.Activity;
+import android.content.pm.ActivityInfo;
+import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.view.KeyEvent;
+import android.view.Window;
+import android.view.WindowManager;
+import android.widget.CompoundButton;
+import android.widget.LinearLayout;
+import android.widget.RadioButton;
+import android.widget.CompoundButton.OnCheckedChangeListener;
+
+
+public class MyActivity extends Activity {
+	MySurfaceView mySurfaceView;
+    @Override
+    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
+        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
+        //设置为全屏
+        requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE); 
+		getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN ,  
+		              WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);
+		//设置为竖屏模式
+		setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT);
+		//切换到主界面
+		setContentView(R.layout.main);		
+		//初始化GLSurfaceView
+		mySurfaceView = new MySurfaceView(this);
+		mySurfaceView.requestFocus();//获取焦点
+		mySurfaceView.setFocusableInTouchMode(true);//设置为可触控  
+        //将自定义的GLSurfaceView添加到外层LinearLayout中
+        LinearLayout ll=(LinearLayout)findViewById(R.id.main_liner); 
+        ll.addView(mySurfaceView); 
+        
+        
+        //为RadioButton添加监听器及SxT选择代码
+        RadioButton rab=(RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.RadioButton01);
+        rab.setOnCheckedChangeListener(
+            new OnCheckedChangeListener()
+            {
+     			public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView,boolean isChecked) 
+     			{
+     				//面填充
+     				if(isChecked)
+     				{
+     					mySurfaceView.drawWhatFlag=true;
+     				}
+     			}        	   
+            }         		
+        );       
+        rab=(RadioButton)findViewById(R.id.RadioButton02);
+        
+        rab.setOnCheckedChangeListener(
+            new OnCheckedChangeListener()
+            {
+     			public void onCheckedChanged(CompoundButton buttonView,boolean isChecked) 
+     			{
+     				//线填充
+     				if(isChecked)
+     				{
+     					mySurfaceView.drawWhatFlag=false;
+     				}
+     			}        	   
+            }         		
+        );         
+    }
+    @Override
+    protected void onResume() {
+        super.onResume();
+        mySurfaceView.onResume();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onPause() {
+        super.onPause();
+        mySurfaceView.onPause();
+    }  
+    public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode,KeyEvent e)
+    {
+    	switch(keyCode)
+        	{
+    	case 4:
+    		System.exit(0);
+    		break;
+        	}
+    	return true;
+    };
+}

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/src/com/bn/Sample8_4/MySurfaceView.java

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+package com.bn.Sample8_4;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView;
+import android.opengl.GLUtils;
+import android.opengl.GLES20;
+import android.view.MotionEvent;
+import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLConfig;
+import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.graphics.Bitmap;
+import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
+
+class MySurfaceView extends GLSurfaceView {
+    
+	private final float TOUCH_SCALE_FACTOR = 180.0f/320;//角度缩放比例
+	private float mPreviousY;//上次的触控位置Y坐标
+    private float mPreviousX;//上次的触控位置X坐标
+	
+	private SceneRenderer mRenderer;//场景渲染器
+    int textureId;      //系统分配的纹理id 
+    
+    boolean drawWhatFlag=true;	//绘制线填充方式的标志位
+
+	public MySurfaceView(Context context) {
+        super(context);
+        this.setEGLContextClientVersion(2); //设置使用OPENGL ES2.0
+        mRenderer = new SceneRenderer();	//创建场景渲染器
+        setRenderer(mRenderer);				//设置渲染器		        
+        setRenderMode(GLSurfaceView.RENDERMODE_CONTINUOUSLY);//设置渲染模式为主动渲染   
+    }
+	
+	//触摸事件回调方法
+    @Override 
+    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent e) {
+        float y = e.getY();
+        float x = e.getX();
+        switch (e.getAction()) {
+        case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
+            float dy = y - mPreviousY;//计算触控笔Y位移
+            float dx = x - mPreviousX;//计算触控笔X位移
+            mRenderer.spring.yAngle += dx * TOUCH_SCALE_FACTOR;//设置绕y轴旋转角度
+            mRenderer.spring.zAngle+= dy * TOUCH_SCALE_FACTOR;//设置绕z轴旋转角度
+            
+            mRenderer.springl.yAngle += dx * TOUCH_SCALE_FACTOR;//设置绕y轴旋转角度
+            mRenderer.springl.zAngle+= dy * TOUCH_SCALE_FACTOR;//设置绕z轴旋转角度
+        }
+        mPreviousY = y;//记录触控笔位置
+        mPreviousX = x;//记录触控笔位置
+        return true;
+    }
+    
+	private class SceneRenderer implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer 
+    {   
+		
+		Spring spring;
+		SpringL springl;
+		
+        public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) 
+        { 
+        	//清除深度缓冲与颜色缓冲
+            GLES20.glClear( GLES20.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT | GLES20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);   
+            
+            //保护现场
+            MatrixState.pushMatrix();
+            MatrixState.translate(0, 0, -10);
+            
+            if(drawWhatFlag)
+            {
+            	spring.drawSelf(textureId);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+            	springl.drawSelf();
+            }
+            
+            MatrixState.popMatrix();
+            
+        }   
+
+        public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {
+            //设置视窗大小及位置 
+        	GLES20.glViewport(0, 0, width, height); 
+        	//计算GLSurfaceView的宽高比
+            float ratio= (float) width / height;
+            //调用此方法计算产生透视投影矩阵
+            MatrixState.setProjectFrustum(-ratio, ratio, -1, 1, 4f, 100);
+            //调用此方法产生摄像机9参数位置矩阵
+            MatrixState.setCamera(0,0,8.0f,0f,0f,0f,0f,1.0f,0.0f);                
+        }
+
+        public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {
+            //设置屏幕背景色RGBA
+            GLES20.glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f, 1.0f);  
+            //启用深度测试
+            GLES20.glEnable(GLES20.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
+    		//设置为打开背面剪裁
+            GLES20.glEnable(GLES20.GL_CULL_FACE);
+            //初始化变换矩阵
+            MatrixState.setInitStack();
+            //加载纹理
+            textureId=initTexture(R.drawable.android_robot0);
+            
+            //创建螺旋管对象
+            spring = new Spring(MySurfaceView.this,1.8f,1.0f,7f,3.3f,10,80);
+            //创建螺旋管骨架对象
+            springl= new SpringL(MySurfaceView.this,1.8f,1.0f,7f,3.3f,10,80);
+            
+        }
+    }
+	
+	public int initTexture(int drawableId)//textureId
+	{
+		//生成纹理ID
+		int[] textures = new int[1];
+		GLES20.glGenTextures
+		(
+				1,          //产生的纹理id的数量
+				textures,   //纹理id的数组
+				0           //偏移量
+		);    
+		int textureId=textures[0];    
+		GLES20.glBindTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, textureId);
+		GLES20.glTexParameterf(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER,GLES20.GL_NEAREST);
+		GLES20.glTexParameterf(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D,GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER,GLES20.GL_LINEAR);
+		GLES20.glTexParameterf(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S,GLES20.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+		GLES20.glTexParameterf(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T,GLES20.GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+        
+        //通过输入流加载图片===============begin===================
+        InputStream is = this.getResources().openRawResource(drawableId);
+        Bitmap bitmapTmp;
+        try 
+        {
+        	bitmapTmp = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is);
+        } 
+        finally 
+        {
+            try 
+            {
+                is.close();
+            } 
+            catch(IOException e) 
+            {
+                e.printStackTrace();
+            }
+        }
+        //通过输入流加载图片===============end=====================  
+        
+        //实际加载纹理
+        GLUtils.texImage2D
+        (
+        		GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D,   //纹理类型，在OpenGL ES中必须为GL10.GL_TEXTURE_2D
+        		0, 					  //纹理的层次，0表示基本图像层，可以理解为直接贴图
+        		bitmapTmp, 			  //纹理图像
+        		0					  //纹理边框尺寸
+        );
+        bitmapTmp.recycle(); 		  //纹理加载成功后释放图片
+        
+        return textureId;
+	}
+}

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/src/com/bn/Sample8_4/ShaderUtil.java

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+package com.bn.Sample8_4;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+
+import android.content.res.Resources;
+import android.opengl.GLES20;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+//加载顶点Shader与片元Shader的工具类
+public class ShaderUtil 
+{
+   //加载制定shader的方法
+   public static int loadShader
+   (
+		 int shaderType, //shader的类型  GLES20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER   GLES20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER
+		 String source   //shader的脚本字符串
+   ) 
+   {
+	    //创建一个新shader
+        int shader = GLES20.glCreateShader(shaderType);
+        //若创建成功则加载shader
+        if (shader != 0) 
+        {
+        	//加载shader的源代码
+            GLES20.glShaderSource(shader, source);
+            //编译shader
+            GLES20.glCompileShader(shader);
+            //存放编译成功shader数量的数组
+            int[] compiled = new int[1];
+            //获取Shader的编译情况
+            GLES20.glGetShaderiv(shader, GLES20.GL_COMPILE_STATUS, compiled, 0);
+            if (compiled[0] == 0) 
+            {//若编译失败则显示错误日志并删除此shader
+                Log.e("ES20_ERROR", "Could not compile shader " + shaderType + ":");
+                Log.e("ES20_ERROR", GLES20.glGetShaderInfoLog(shader));
+                GLES20.glDeleteShader(shader);
+                shader = 0;      
+            }  
+        }
+        return shader;
+    }
+    
+   //创建shader程序的方法
+   public static int createProgram(String vertexSource, String fragmentSource) 
+   {
+	    //加载顶点着色器
+        int vertexShader = loadShader(GLES20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER, vertexSource);
+        if (vertexShader == 0) 
+        {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        
+        //加载片元着色器
+        int pixelShader = loadShader(GLES20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, fragmentSource);
+        if (pixelShader == 0) 
+        {
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        //创建程序
+        int program = GLES20.glCreateProgram();
+        //若程序创建成功则向程序中加入顶点着色器与片元着色器
+        if (program != 0) 
+        {
+        	//向程序中加入顶点着色器
+            GLES20.glAttachShader(program, vertexShader);
+            checkGlError("glAttachShader");
+            //向程序中加入片元着色器
+            GLES20.glAttachShader(program, pixelShader);
+            checkGlError("glAttachShader");
+            //链接程序
+            GLES20.glLinkProgram(program);
+            //存放链接成功program数量的数组
+            int[] linkStatus = new int[1];
+            //获取program的链接情况
+            GLES20.glGetProgramiv(program, GLES20.GL_LINK_STATUS, linkStatus, 0);
+            //若链接失败则报错并删除程序
+            if (linkStatus[0] != GLES20.GL_TRUE) 
+            {
+                Log.e("ES20_ERROR", "Could not link program: ");
+                Log.e("ES20_ERROR", GLES20.glGetProgramInfoLog(program));
+                GLES20.glDeleteProgram(program);
+                program = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        return program;
+    }
+    
+   //检查每一步操作是否有错误的方法 
+   public static void checkGlError(String op) 
+   {
+        int error;
+        while ((error = GLES20.glGetError()) != GLES20.GL_NO_ERROR) 
+        {
+            Log.e("ES20_ERROR", op + ": glError " + error);
+            throw new RuntimeException(op + ": glError " + error);
+        }
+   }
+   
+   //从sh脚本中加载shader内容的方法
+   public static String loadFromAssetsFile(String fname,Resources r)
+   {
+   	String result=null;    	
+   	try
+   	{
+   		InputStream in=r.getAssets().open(fname);
+			int ch=0;
+		    ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+		    while((ch=in.read())!=-1)
+		    {
+		      	baos.write(ch);
+		    }      
+		    byte[] buff=baos.toByteArray();
+		    baos.close();
+		    in.close();
+   		result=new String(buff,"UTF-8"); 
+   		result=result.replaceAll("\\r\\n","\n");
+   	}
+   	catch(Exception e)
+   	{
+   		e.printStackTrace();
+   	}   
+   	return result;
+   }
+}

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/src/com/bn/Sample8_4/Spring.java

@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+package com.bn.Sample8_4;
+
+import static com.bn.Sample8_4.ShaderUtil.createProgram;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import android.opengl.GLES20;
+
+/*
+ * 圆环
+ */
+public class Spring 
+{	
+	int mProgram;//自定义渲染管线着色器程序id
+    int muMVPMatrixHandle;//总变换矩阵引用
+    int maPositionHandle; //顶点位置属性引用
+    int maTexCoorHandle; //顶点纹理坐标属性引用
+    
+    String mVertexShader;//顶点着色器代码脚本  	 
+    String mFragmentShader;//片元着色器代码脚本
+	
+	FloatBuffer   mVertexBuffer;//顶点坐标数据缓冲
+	FloatBuffer   mTexCoorBuffer;//顶点纹理坐标数据缓冲
+
+    int vCount=0;   
+    float xAngle=0;//绕x轴旋转的角度
+    float yAngle=0;//绕y轴旋转的角度
+    float zAngle=0;//绕z轴旋转的角度
+
+    float h;
+    
+    public Spring(MySurfaceView mv,
+    		float rBig, float rSmall,
+    		float h, float nCirclef, //高度，圈数
+    		int nCol ,int nRow)
+    {
+    	this.h=h;
+    	//调用初始化顶点数据的initVertexData方法
+    	initVertexData(rBig,rSmall,h,nCirclef,nCol,nRow);
+    	//调用初始化着色器的intShader方法
+    	initShader(mv);
+    }
+    
+    //自定义的初始化顶点数据的方法
+    public void initVertexData(
+			float rBig, float rSmall,//螺旋管外径、螺旋管内径
+			float h, float nCirclef, //螺旋管高度，螺旋管圈数
+			int nCol ,int nRow) {//小圆周和大圆周切分的份数
+		float angdegTotal=nCirclef*360.0f;//大圆周总度数
+		float angdegColSpan=360.0f/nCol;//小圆周每份的角度跨度
+		float angdegRowSpan=angdegTotal/nRow;//大圆周每份的角度跨度
+		float A=(rBig-rSmall)/2;//用于旋转的小圆半径
+		float D=rSmall+A;//旋转轨迹形成的大圆周半径
+		vCount=3*nCol*nRow*2;//顶点个数，共有nColumn*nRow*2个三角形，每个三角形都有三个顶点
+		//坐标数据初始化
+		ArrayList<Float> alVertix=new ArrayList<Float>();//原顶点列表（未卷绕）
+		ArrayList<Integer> alFaceIndex=new ArrayList<Integer>();//组织成面的顶点的索引值列表（按逆时针卷绕）		
+		//顶点
+		for(float angdegCol=0;Math.ceil(angdegCol)<360+angdegColSpan;angdegCol+=angdegColSpan)
+		{
+			double a=Math.toRadians(angdegCol);//当前小圆周弧度
+			for(float angdegRow=0;Math.ceil(angdegRow)<angdegTotal+angdegRowSpan;angdegRow+=angdegRowSpan)//重复了一列顶点，方便了索引的计算
+			{
+				float yVec=(angdegRow/angdegTotal)*h;//根据旋转角度增加y的值
+				double u=Math.toRadians(angdegRow);//当前大圆周弧度
+				float y=(float) (A*Math.cos(a));
+				float x=(float) ((D+A*Math.sin(a))*Math.sin(u));
+				float z=(float) ((D+A*Math.sin(a))*Math.cos(u));
+				//将计算出来的XYZ坐标加入存放顶点坐标的ArrayList
+        		alVertix.add(x); alVertix.add(y+yVec); alVertix.add(z);
+			}
+		}
+		//索引
+		for(int i=0;i<nCol;i++){
+			for(int j=0;j<nRow;j++){
+				int index=i*(nRow+1)+j;//当前索引
+				//卷绕索引
+				alFaceIndex.add(index+1);//下一列---1
+				alFaceIndex.add(index+nRow+1);//下一列---2
+				alFaceIndex.add(index+nRow+2);//下一行下一列---3
+				
+				alFaceIndex.add(index+1);//下一列---1
+				alFaceIndex.add(index);//当前---0
+				alFaceIndex.add(index+nRow+1);//下一列---2
+			}
+		}
+		//计算卷绕顶点和平均法向量
+		float[] vertices=new float[vCount*3];
+		cullVertex(alVertix, alFaceIndex, vertices);
+		
+		//纹理
+		ArrayList<Float> alST=new ArrayList<Float>();//原纹理坐标列表（未卷绕）
+		for(float angdegCol=0;Math.ceil(angdegCol)<360+angdegColSpan;angdegCol+=angdegColSpan)
+		{
+			float t=angdegCol/360;//t坐标
+			for(float angdegRow=0;Math.ceil(angdegRow)<angdegTotal+angdegRowSpan;angdegRow+=angdegRowSpan)//重复了一列纹理坐标，以索引的计算
+			{
+				float s=angdegRow/angdegTotal;//s坐标
+				//将计算出来的ST坐标加入存放顶点坐标的ArrayList
+				alST.add(s); alST.add(t);
+			}
+		}
+		//计算卷绕后纹理坐标
+		float[] textures=cullTexCoor(alST, alFaceIndex);
+		
+		//顶点坐标数据初始化
+		ByteBuffer vbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertices.length*4);//创建顶点坐标数据缓冲
+        vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());//设置字节顺序
+        mVertexBuffer = vbb.asFloatBuffer();//转换为float型缓冲
+        mVertexBuffer.put(vertices);//向缓冲区中放入顶点坐标数据
+        mVertexBuffer.position(0);//设置缓冲区起始位置
+
+        //纹理坐标数据初始化		
+        ByteBuffer tbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(textures.length*4);//创建顶点纹理数据缓冲
+        tbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());//设置字节顺序
+        mTexCoorBuffer = tbb.asFloatBuffer();//转换为float型缓冲
+        mTexCoorBuffer.put(textures);//向缓冲区中放入顶点纹理数据
+        mTexCoorBuffer.position(0);//设置缓冲区起始位置
+	}
+    
+	//通过原顶点和面的索引值，得到用顶点卷绕的数组
+	public static void cullVertex(
+			ArrayList<Float> alv,//原顶点列表（未卷绕）
+			ArrayList<Integer> alFaceIndex,//组织成面的顶点的索引值列表（按逆时针卷绕）
+			float[] vertices//用顶点卷绕的数组（顶点结果放入该数组中，数组长度应等于索引列表长度的3倍）
+		){
+		//生成顶点的数组
+		int vCount=0;
+		for(int i:alFaceIndex){
+			vertices[vCount++]=alv.get(3*i);
+			vertices[vCount++]=alv.get(3*i+1);
+			vertices[vCount++]=alv.get(3*i+2);
+		}
+	}
+	//根据原纹理坐标和索引，计算卷绕后的纹理的方法
+	public static float[] cullTexCoor(
+			ArrayList<Float> alST,//原纹理坐标列表（未卷绕）
+			ArrayList<Integer> alTexIndex//组织成面的纹理坐标的索引值列表（按逆时针卷绕）
+			)
+	{
+		float[] textures=new float[alTexIndex.size()*2];
+		//生成顶点的数组
+		int stCount=0;
+		for(int i:alTexIndex){
+			textures[stCount++]=alST.get(2*i);
+			textures[stCount++]=alST.get(2*i+1);
+		}
+		return textures;
+	}
+
+    //自定义初始化着色器initShader方法
+    public void initShader(MySurfaceView mv)
+    {
+    	//加载顶点着色器的脚本内容
+        mVertexShader=ShaderUtil.loadFromAssetsFile("vertex_tex.sh", mv.getResources());
+        //加载片元着色器的脚本内容
+        mFragmentShader=ShaderUtil.loadFromAssetsFile("frag_tex.sh", mv.getResources());  
+        //基于顶点着色器与片元着色器创建程序
+        mProgram = createProgram(mVertexShader, mFragmentShader);
+        //获取程序中顶点位置属性引用id  
+        maPositionHandle = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "aPosition");
+        //获取程序中顶点纹理坐标属性引用id  
+        maTexCoorHandle= GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "aTexCoor");
+        //获取程序中总变换矩阵引用id
+        muMVPMatrixHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "uMVPMatrix"); 
+    }
+    
+    public void drawSelf(int texId)
+    {
+	   	 MatrixState.rotate(xAngle, 1, 0, 0);
+		 MatrixState.rotate(yAngle, 0, 1, 0);
+		 MatrixState.rotate(zAngle, 0, 0, 1);
+		 
+		 MatrixState.pushMatrix();
+		 MatrixState.translate(0, -h/2, 0);   	 
+    	
+    	 //制定使用某套shader程序
+    	 GLES20.glUseProgram(mProgram);        
+         
+         //将最终变换矩阵传入shader程序
+         GLES20.glUniformMatrix4fv(muMVPMatrixHandle, 1, false, MatrixState.getFinalMatrix(), 0);
+         
+         //传送顶点位置数据
+         GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer  
+         (
+         		maPositionHandle,   
+         		3, 
+         		GLES20.GL_FLOAT, 
+         		false,
+                3*4,   
+                mVertexBuffer
+         );       
+         //传送顶点纹理坐标数据
+         GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer  
+         (
+        		maTexCoorHandle, 
+         		2, 
+         		GLES20.GL_FLOAT, 
+         		false,
+                2*4,   
+                mTexCoorBuffer
+         ); 
+         
+         //启用顶点位置数据
+         GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(maPositionHandle);
+         //启用顶点纹理数据
+         GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(maTexCoorHandle);  
+         
+         //绑定纹理
+         GLES20.glActiveTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE0);
+         GLES20.glBindTexture(GLES20.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texId);
+         
+         //绘制纹理矩形
+         GLES20.glDrawArrays(GLES20.GL_TRIANGLES, 0, vCount); 
+         
+         MatrixState.popMatrix();
+         
+    }
+}

第8章 3D基本形状/Sample8_4/src/com/bn/Sample8_4/SpringL.java

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+package com.bn.Sample8_4;
+
+import static com.bn.Sample8_4.ShaderUtil.createProgram;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+
+import android.opengl.GLES20;
+
+/*
+ * 圆环骨架类
+ */
+public class SpringL 
+{	
+	int mProgram;//自定义渲染管线着色器程序id
+    int muMVPMatrixHandle;//总变换矩阵引用
+    int maPositionHandle; //顶点位置属性引用
+    int maColorHandle; //顶点颜色属性引用 
+    
+    String mVertexShader;//顶点着色器    	 
+    String mFragmentShader;//片元着色器
+	
+	FloatBuffer   mVertexBuffer;//顶点坐标数据缓冲
+	FloatBuffer   mColorBuffer;	//顶点颜色数据缓冲
+	
+    int vCount=0;   
+    float xAngle=0;//绕x轴旋转的角度
+    float yAngle=0;//绕y轴旋转的角度
+    float zAngle=0;//绕z轴旋转的角度
+    float h;
+    
+    public SpringL(MySurfaceView mv,
+    		float rBig, float rSmall,
+    		float h, float nCirclef, //高度，圈数
+    		int nCol ,int nRow)
+    {
+    	this.h=h;
+    	//调用初始化顶点数据的initVertexData方法
+    	initVertexData(rBig,rSmall,h,nCirclef,nCol,nRow);
+    	//调用初始化着色器的intShader方法
+    	initShader(mv);
+    }
+    
+    //自定义的初始化顶点数据的方法
+    public void initVertexData(
+			float rBig, float rSmall,//大半径，小半径
+			float h, float nCirclef, //高度，圈数
+			int nCol ,int nRow) {//列数，行数
+		//成员变量初始化
+		float angdegTotal=nCirclef*360.0f;//总度数
+		float angdegColSpan=360.0f/nCol;
+		float angdegRowSpan=angdegTotal/nRow;
+		float A=(rBig-rSmall)/2;//用于旋转的小圆半径
+		float D=rSmall+A;//旋转轨迹形成的大圆周半径
+		vCount=3*nCol*nRow*2;//顶点个数，共有nColumn*nRow*2个三角形，每个三角形都有三个顶点
+		//坐标数据初始化
+		ArrayList<Float> alVertix=new ArrayList<Float>();//原顶点列表（未卷绕）
+		ArrayList<Integer> alFaceIndex=new ArrayList<Integer>();//组织成面的顶点的索引值列表（按逆时针卷绕）
+		
+		//顶点
+		for(float angdegCol=0;Math.ceil(angdegCol)<360+angdegColSpan;angdegCol+=angdegColSpan)
+		{
+			double a=Math.toRadians(angdegCol);//当前小圆周弧度
+			for(float angdegRow=0;Math.ceil(angdegRow)<angdegTotal+angdegRowSpan;angdegRow+=angdegRowSpan)//重复了一列顶点，方便了索引的计算
+			{
+				float yVec=(angdegRow/angdegTotal)*h;//根据旋转角度增加y的值
+				double u=Math.toRadians(angdegRow);//当前大圆周弧度
+				float y=(float) (A*Math.cos(a));
+				float x=(float) ((D+A*Math.sin(a))*Math.sin(u));
+				float z=(float) ((D+A*Math.sin(a))*Math.cos(u));
+				//将计算出来的XYZ坐标加入存放顶点坐标的ArrayList
+        		alVertix.add(x); alVertix.add(y+yVec); alVertix.add(z);
+			}
+		}
+		//索引
+		for(int i=0;i<nCol;i++){
+			for(int j=0;j<nRow;j++){
+				int index=i*(nRow+1)+j;//当前索引
+				//卷绕索引
+				alFaceIndex.add(index+1);//下一列---1
+				alFaceIndex.add(index+nRow+1);//下一列---2
+				alFaceIndex.add(index+nRow+2);//下一行下一列---3
+				
+				alFaceIndex.add(index+1);//下一列---1
+				alFaceIndex.add(index);//当前---0
+				alFaceIndex.add(index+nRow+1);//下一列---2
+			}
+		}
+		//计算卷绕顶点和平均法向量
+		float[] vertices=new float[vCount*3];
+		cullVertex(alVertix, alFaceIndex, vertices);
+		
+		//顶点坐标数据初始化
+		ByteBuffer vbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertices.length*4);//创建顶点坐标数据缓冲
+        vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());//设置字节顺序
+        mVertexBuffer = vbb.asFloatBuffer();//转换为float型缓冲
+        mVertexBuffer.put(vertices);//向缓冲区中放入顶点坐标数据
+        mVertexBuffer.position(0);//设置缓冲区起始位置
+        
+        float[] colors=new float[vCount*4];//顶点颜色数组
+		int Count=0;
+		for(int i=0;i<vCount;i++)
+		{
+			colors[Count++]=1;	//r
+			colors[Count++]=1;	//g
+			colors[Count++]=1;	//b
+			colors[Count++]=1;	//a
+			
+		}
+        //创建顶点着色数据缓冲
+        ByteBuffer cbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(colors.length*4);
+        cbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());//设置字节顺序为本地操作系统顺序
+        mColorBuffer = cbb.asFloatBuffer();//转换为Float型缓冲
+        mColorBuffer.put(colors);//向缓冲区中放入顶点着色数据
+        mColorBuffer.position(0);//设置缓冲区起始位置
+	}
+    
+	//通过原顶点和面的索引值，得到用顶点卷绕的数组
+	public static void cullVertex(
+			ArrayList<Float> alv,//原顶点列表（未卷绕）
+			ArrayList<Integer> alFaceIndex,//组织成面的顶点的索引值列表（按逆时针卷绕）
+			float[] vertices//用顶点卷绕的数组（顶点结果放入该数组中，数组长度应等于索引列表长度的3倍）
+		){
+		//生成顶点的数组
+		int vCount=0;
+		for(int i:alFaceIndex){
+			vertices[vCount++]=alv.get(3*i);
+			vertices[vCount++]=alv.get(3*i+1);
+			vertices[vCount++]=alv.get(3*i+2);
+		}
+	}
+    //初始化着色器
+    public void initShader(MySurfaceView mv)
+    {
+    	//加载顶点着色器的脚本内容
+        mVertexShader=ShaderUtil.loadFromAssetsFile("vertex_color.sh", mv.getResources());
+        //加载片元着色器的脚本内容
+        mFragmentShader=ShaderUtil.loadFromAssetsFile("frag_color.sh", mv.getResources());  
+        //基于顶点着色器与片元着色器创建程序
+        mProgram = createProgram(mVertexShader, mFragmentShader);
+        //获取程序中顶点位置属性引用id  
+        maPositionHandle = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "aPosition");
+        //获取程序中顶点颜色属性引用id  
+        maColorHandle= GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "aColor");
+        //获取程序中总变换矩阵引用id
+        muMVPMatrixHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "uMVPMatrix");  
+    }
+    
+    public void drawSelf()
+    {     
+   	 	MatrixState.rotate(xAngle, 1, 0, 0);
+   	 	MatrixState.rotate(yAngle, 0, 1, 0);
+   	 	MatrixState.rotate(zAngle, 0, 0, 1);
+   	 	
+		MatrixState.pushMatrix();
+    	MatrixState.translate(0, -h/2, 0);
+   	 	
+    	 //制定使用某套shader程序
+    	 GLES20.glUseProgram(mProgram);        
+         //将最终变换矩阵传入shader程序
+         GLES20.glUniformMatrix4fv(muMVPMatrixHandle, 1, false, MatrixState.getFinalMatrix(), 0);
+         
+         //传送顶点位置数据
+         GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer  
+         (
+         		maPositionHandle,   
+         		3, 
+         		GLES20.GL_FLOAT, 
+         		false,
+                3*4,   
+                mVertexBuffer
+         );       
+         //传送顶点颜色数据
+         GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer  
+         (
+        		maColorHandle, 
+         		4, 
+         		GLES20.GL_FLOAT, 
+         		false,
+                4*4,   
+                mColorBuffer
+         );   
+         
+         //启用顶点位置数据
+         GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(maPositionHandle);
+         //启用顶点颜色数据
+         GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(maColorHandle);  
+         
+         //绘制线条的粗细
+         GLES20.glLineWidth(2);
+         //绘制
+         GLES20.glDrawArrays(GLES20.GL_LINES, 0, vCount); 
+         
+         MatrixState.popMatrix();
+         
+    }
+}