初次提交

第9章 3D模型加载/Sample9_2/.classpath

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<classpath>
+	<classpathentry kind="src" path="src"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="src" path="gen"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="con" path="com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.ANDROID_FRAMEWORK"/>
+	<classpathentry kind="output" path="bin"/>
+</classpath>

第9章 3D模型加载/Sample9_2/.project

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<projectDescription>
+	<name>Sample9_2</name>
+	<comment></comment>
+	<projects>
+	</projects>
+	<buildSpec>
+		<buildCommand>
+			<name>com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.ResourceManagerBuilder</name>
+			<arguments>
+			</arguments>
+		</buildCommand>
+		<buildCommand>
+			<name>com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.PreCompilerBuilder</name>
+			<arguments>
+			</arguments>
+		</buildCommand>
+		<buildCommand>
+			<name>org.eclipse.jdt.core.javabuilder</name>
+			<arguments>
+			</arguments>
+		</buildCommand>
+		<buildCommand>
+			<name>com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.ApkBuilder</name>
+			<arguments>
+			</arguments>
+		</buildCommand>
+	</buildSpec>
+	<natures>
+		<nature>com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.AndroidNature</nature>
+		<nature>org.eclipse.jdt.core.javanature</nature>
+	</natures>
+</projectDescription>

第9章 3D模型加载/Sample9_2/.settings/org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs

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+#Wed Jan 05 21:56:15 CST 2011
+eclipse.preferences.version=1
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.codegen.inlineJsrBytecode=enabled
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.codegen.targetPlatform=1.6
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.codegen.unusedLocal=preserve
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.compliance=1.6
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.debug.lineNumber=generate
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.debug.localVariable=generate
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.debug.sourceFile=generate
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.problem.assertIdentifier=error
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.problem.enumIdentifier=error
+org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.source=1.6

第9章 3D模型加载/Sample9_2/AndroidManifest.xml

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+      android:versionCode="1"
+      android:versionName="1.0" package="com.bn.Sample9_2">
+    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
+        <activity android:name=".Sample9_2_Activity" 
+                  android:label="@string/app_name">
+            <intent-filter>
+                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
+                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
+            </intent-filter>
+        </activity>
+    </application>
+    <uses-sdk android:targetSdkVersion="8"></uses-sdk>
+</manifest> 

第9章 3D模型加载/Sample9_2/assets/frag.sh

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+precision mediump float;
+varying vec4 ambient;
+varying vec4 diffuse;
+varying vec4 specular;
+void main()                         
+{    
+   //将计算出的颜色给此片元
+   vec4 finalColor=vec4(0.9,0.9,0.9,1.0);   
+   gl_FragColor = finalColor*ambient+finalColor*specular+finalColor*diffuse;//给此片元颜色值
+
+}   

第9章 3D模型加载/Sample9_2/assets/vertex.sh

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+uniform mat4 uMVPMatrix; //总变换矩阵
+uniform mat4 uMMatrix; //变换矩阵
+uniform vec3 uLightLocation;	//光源位置
+uniform vec3 uCamera;	//摄像机位置
+attribute vec3 aPosition;  //顶点位置
+attribute vec3 aNormal;    //顶点法向量
+varying vec4 ambient;
+varying vec4 diffuse;
+varying vec4 specular;
+
+//定位光光照计算的方法
+void pointLight(					//定位光光照计算的方法
+  in vec3 normal,				//法向量
+  inout vec4 ambient,			//环境光最终强度
+  inout vec4 diffuse,				//散射光最终强度
+  inout vec4 specular,			//镜面光最终强度
+  in vec3 lightLocation,			//光源位置
+  in vec4 lightAmbient,			//环境光强度
+  in vec4 lightDiffuse,			//散射光强度
+  in vec4 lightSpecular			//镜面光强度
+){
+  ambient=lightAmbient;			//直接得出环境光的最终强度  
+  vec3 normalTarget=aPosition+normal;	//计算变换后的法向量
+  vec3 newNormal=(uMMatrix*vec4(normalTarget,1)).xyz-(uMMatrix*vec4(aPosition,1)).xyz;
+  newNormal=normalize(newNormal); 	//对法向量规格化
+  //计算从表面点到摄像机的向量
+  vec3 eye= normalize(uCamera-(uMMatrix*vec4(aPosition,1)).xyz);  
+  //计算从表面点到光源位置的向量vp
+  vec3 vp= normalize(lightLocation-(uMMatrix*vec4(aPosition,1)).xyz);  
+  vp=normalize(vp);//格式化vp
+  vec3 halfVector=normalize(vp+eye);	//求视线与光线的半向量    
+  float shininess=50.0;				//粗糙度，越小越光滑
+  float nDotViewPosition=max(0.0,dot(newNormal,vp)); 	//求法向量与vp的点积与0的最大值
+  diffuse=lightDiffuse*nDotViewPosition;				//计算散射光的最终强度
+  float nDotViewHalfVector=dot(newNormal,halfVector);	//法线与半向量的点积 
+  float powerFactor=max(0.0,pow(nDotViewHalfVector,shininess)); 	//镜面反射光强度因子
+  specular=lightSpecular*powerFactor;    			//计算镜面光的最终强度
+}
+
+
+void main()     
+{ 
+   gl_Position = uMVPMatrix * vec4(aPosition,1); //根据总变换矩阵计算此次绘制此顶点位置  
+   
+   vec4 ambientTemp, diffuseTemp, specularTemp;   //存放环境光、散射光、镜面反射光的临时变量
+   pointLight(normalize(aNormal),ambientTemp,diffuseTemp,specularTemp,uLightLocation,vec4(0.1,0.1,0.1,1.0),vec4(0.7,0.7,0.7,1.0),vec4(0.3,0.3,0.3,1.0));
+   
+   ambient=ambientTemp;
+   diffuse=diffuseTemp;
+   specular=specularTemp;   
+}                      

第9章 3D模型加载/Sample9_2/default.properties

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+# This file is automatically generated by Android Tools.
+# Do not modify this file -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE ERASED!
+# 
+# This file must be checked in Version Control Systems.
+# 
+# To customize properties used by the Ant build system use,
+# "build.properties", and override values to adapt the script to your
+# project structure.
+
+# Indicates whether an apk should be generated for each density.
+split.density=false
+# Project target.
+target=android-8

第9章 3D模型加载/Sample9_2/gen/com/bn/Sample9_2/R.java

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+/* AUTO-GENERATED FILE.  DO NOT MODIFY.
+ *
+ * This class was automatically generated by the
+ * aapt tool from the resource data it found.  It
+ * should not be modified by hand.
+ */
+
+package com.bn.Sample9_2;
+
+public final class R {
+    public static final class attr {
+    }
+    public static final class drawable {
+        public static final int icon=0x7f020000;
+    }
+    public static final class string {
+        public static final int app_name=0x7f030000;
+    }
+}

第9章 3D模型加载/Sample9_2/res/values/strings.xml

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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<resources>
+    <string name="app_name">Sample9_2</string>
+</resources>

第9章 3D模型加载/Sample9_2/src/com/bn/Sample9_2/LoadUtil.java

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+package com.bn.Sample9_2;
+import java.io.BufferedReader;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.InputStreamReader;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+
+import android.content.res.Resources;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+//用于从obj文件中加载3D模型的工具类
+public class LoadUtil 
+{
+	//求两个向量的叉积
+	public static float[] getCrossProduct(float x1,float y1,float z1,float x2,float y2,float z2)
+	{		
+		//求出两个矢量叉积矢量在XYZ轴的分量ABC
+        float A=y1*z2-y2*z1;
+        float B=z1*x2-z2*x1;
+        float C=x1*y2-x2*y1;
+		
+		return new float[]{A,B,C};
+	}
+	
+	//向量规格化
+	public static float[] vectorNormal(float[] vector)
+	{
+		//求向量的模
+		float module=(float)Math.sqrt(vector[0]*vector[0]+vector[1]*vector[1]+vector[2]*vector[2]);
+		return new float[]{vector[0]/module,vector[1]/module,vector[2]/module};
+	}
+	
+	//从obj文件中加载仅携带顶点信息的物体
+	//首先加载顶点信息，再根据顶点组成三角形面的情况自动计算出每个面的法向量
+	//然后将这个面的法向量分配给这个面上的顶点
+    public static LoadedObjectVertexNormal loadFromFile(String fname, Resources r,MySurfaceView mv)
+    {
+    	//加载后3D对象的引用
+    	LoadedObjectVertexNormal lo=null;    	
+    	//原始顶点坐标列表--按顺序从obj文件中加载的
+    	ArrayList<Float> alv=new ArrayList<Float>();
+    	//结果顶点坐标列表 --根据组成面的情况组织好的
+    	ArrayList<Float> alvResult=new ArrayList<Float>();	
+    	//结果法向量列表--根据组成面的情况组织好的
+    	ArrayList<Float> alnResult=new ArrayList<Float>();
+    	
+    	try
+    	{
+    		InputStream in=r.getAssets().open(fname);
+    		InputStreamReader isr=new InputStreamReader(in);
+    		BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(isr);
+    		String temps=null;
+    		
+    		//循环不断从文件中读取行，根据行类型的不同执行
+    		//不同的处理逻辑
+		    while((temps=br.readLine())!=null) 
+		    {
+		    	String[] tempsa=temps.split("[ ]+");
+		      	if(tempsa[0].trim().equals("v"))
+		      	{//此行为顶点坐标
+		      		//若为顶点坐标行则提取出此顶点的XYZ坐标添加到原始顶点坐标列表中
+		      		alv.add(Float.parseFloat(tempsa[1]));
+		      		alv.add(Float.parseFloat(tempsa[2]));
+		      		alv.add(Float.parseFloat(tempsa[3]));
+		      	}
+		      	else if(tempsa[0].trim().equals("f"))
+		      	{//此行为三角形面
+		      		/*
+		      		 *若为三角形面行则根据 组成面的顶点的索引从原始顶点坐标列表中
+		      		 *提取相应的顶点坐标值添加到结果顶点坐标列表中，同时根据三个
+		      		 *顶点的坐标计算出法向量并添加到结果法向量列表中
+		      		*/
+		      		
+		      		//提取三角形第一个顶点的坐标
+		      		int index=Integer.parseInt(tempsa[1].split("/")[0])-1;
+		      		float x0=alv.get(3*index);
+		      		float y0=alv.get(3*index+1);
+		      		float z0=alv.get(3*index+2);
+		      		alvResult.add(x0);
+		      		alvResult.add(y0);
+		      		alvResult.add(z0);  
+		      		
+		      	    //提取三角形第二个顶点的坐标
+		      		index=Integer.parseInt(tempsa[2].split("/")[0])-1;
+		      		float x1=alv.get(3*index);
+		      		float y1=alv.get(3*index+1);
+		      		float z1=alv.get(3*index+2);
+		      		alvResult.add(x1);
+		      		alvResult.add(y1);
+		      		alvResult.add(z1);
+		      		
+		      		//提取三角形第三个顶点的坐标
+		      		index=Integer.parseInt(tempsa[3].split("/")[0])-1;
+		      		float x2=alv.get(3*index);
+		      		float y2=alv.get(3*index+1);
+		      		float z2=alv.get(3*index+2);
+		      		alvResult.add(x2);
+		      		alvResult.add(y2);
+		      		alvResult.add(z2);	 
+		      		
+		      		//通过三角形面两个边向量0-1，0-2求叉积得到此面的法向量
+		      		//求0号点到1号点的向量
+		      		float vxa=x1-x0;
+		      		float vya=y1-y0;
+		      		float vza=z1-z0;
+		      	    //求0号点到2号点的向量
+		      		float vxb=x2-x0;
+		      		float vyb=y2-y0;
+		      		float vzb=z2-z0;
+		      		
+		      		//通过球两个向量的叉积计算法向量
+		      		float[] vNormal=vectorNormal
+		      		                ( 
+	                                    getCrossProduct
+						      			(
+						      					vxa,vya,vza,vxb,vyb,vzb
+						      			)
+		      		                );
+		      	    //将计算出的法向量添加到结果法向量列表中
+		      		for(int i=0;i<3;i++)
+		      	    {
+		      	    	alnResult.add(vNormal[0]);
+		      	    	alnResult.add(vNormal[1]);
+		      	    	alnResult.add(vNormal[2]);
+		      	    }
+		      	}		      		
+		    } 
+		    
+		    //obj文件读取结束后生成顶点数组及生成法向量数组
+		    //生成顶点数组
+		    int size=alvResult.size();
+		    float[] vXYZ=new float[size];
+		    for(int i=0;i<size;i++)
+		    {
+		    	vXYZ[i]=alvResult.get(i);
+		    }
+		    
+		    //生成法向量数组
+		    size=alnResult.size();
+		    float[] nXYZ=new float[size];
+		    for(int i=0;i<size;i++)
+		    {		    	
+		    	nXYZ[i]=alnResult.get(i);
+		    }
+		    
+		    //创建3D对象
+		    lo=new LoadedObjectVertexNormal(mv,vXYZ,nXYZ);
+    	}
+    	catch(Exception e)
+    	{
+    		Log.d("load error", "load error");
+    		e.printStackTrace();
+    	}    	
+    	return lo;
+    }
+}

第9章 3D模型加载/Sample9_2/src/com/bn/Sample9_2/LoadedObjectVertexNormal.java

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+package com.bn.Sample9_2;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
+import android.opengl.GLES20;
+
+//加载后的物体——携带顶点信息，自动计算面法向量
+public class LoadedObjectVertexNormal
+{	
+	int mProgram;//自定义渲染管线着色器程序id  
+    int muMVPMatrixHandle;//总变换矩阵引用
+    int muMMatrixHandle;//位置、旋转变换矩阵
+    int maPositionHandle; //顶点位置属性引用  
+    int maNormalHandle; //顶点法向量属性引用  
+    int maLightLocationHandle;//光源位置属性引用  
+    int maCameraHandle; //摄像机位置属性引用 
+    String mVertexShader;//顶点着色器代码脚本    	 
+    String mFragmentShader;//片元着色器代码脚本    
+	
+	FloatBuffer   mVertexBuffer;//顶点坐标数据缓冲  
+	FloatBuffer   mNormalBuffer;//顶点法向量数据缓冲
+    int vCount=0;  
+    
+    public LoadedObjectVertexNormal(MySurfaceView mv,float[] vertices,float[] normals)
+    {    	
+    	//初始化顶点坐标与着色数据
+    	initVertexData(vertices,normals);
+    	//初始化shader        
+    	initShader(mv);
+    }
+    
+    //初始化顶点坐标与着色数据的方法
+    public void initVertexData(float[] vertices,float[] normals)
+    {
+    	//顶点坐标数据的初始化================begin============================
+    	vCount=vertices.length/3;   
+		
+        //创建顶点坐标数据缓冲
+        //vertices.length*4是因为一个整数四个字节
+        ByteBuffer vbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertices.length*4);
+        vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());//设置字节顺序
+        mVertexBuffer = vbb.asFloatBuffer();//转换为Float型缓冲
+        mVertexBuffer.put(vertices);//向缓冲区中放入顶点坐标数据
+        mVertexBuffer.position(0);//设置缓冲区起始位置
+        //特别提示：由于不同平台字节顺序不同数据单元不是字节的一定要经过ByteBuffer
+        //转换，关键是要通过ByteOrder设置nativeOrder()，否则有可能会出问题
+        //顶点坐标数据的初始化================end============================
+        
+        //顶点法向量数据的初始化================begin============================  
+        ByteBuffer cbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(normals.length*4);
+        cbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());//设置字节顺序
+        mNormalBuffer = cbb.asFloatBuffer();//转换为Float型缓冲
+        mNormalBuffer.put(normals);//向缓冲区中放入顶点法向量数据
+        mNormalBuffer.position(0);//设置缓冲区起始位置
+        //特别提示：由于不同平台字节顺序不同数据单元不是字节的一定要经过ByteBuffer
+        //转换，关键是要通过ByteOrder设置nativeOrder()，否则有可能会出问题
+        //顶点着色数据的初始化================end============================
+    }
+
+    //初始化shader
+    public void initShader(MySurfaceView mv)
+    {
+    	//加载顶点着色器的脚本内容
+        mVertexShader=ShaderUtil.loadFromAssetsFile("vertex.sh", mv.getResources());
+        //加载片元着色器的脚本内容
+        mFragmentShader=ShaderUtil.loadFromAssetsFile("frag.sh", mv.getResources());  
+        //基于顶点着色器与片元着色器创建程序
+        mProgram = ShaderUtil.createProgram(mVertexShader, mFragmentShader);
+        //获取程序中顶点位置属性引用  
+        maPositionHandle = GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "aPosition");
+        //获取程序中顶点颜色属性引用  
+        maNormalHandle= GLES20.glGetAttribLocation(mProgram, "aNormal");
+        //获取程序中总变换矩阵引用
+        muMVPMatrixHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "uMVPMatrix");  
+        //获取位置、旋转变换矩阵引用
+        muMMatrixHandle = GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "uMMatrix"); 
+        //获取程序中光源位置引用
+        maLightLocationHandle=GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "uLightLocation");
+        //获取程序中摄像机位置引用
+        maCameraHandle=GLES20.glGetUniformLocation(mProgram, "uCamera"); 
+    }
+    
+    public void drawSelf()
+    {        
+    	 //制定使用某套着色器程序
+    	 GLES20.glUseProgram(mProgram);
+         //将最终变换矩阵传入着色器程序
+         GLES20.glUniformMatrix4fv(muMVPMatrixHandle, 1, false, MatrixState.getFinalMatrix(), 0); 
+         //将位置、旋转变换矩阵传入着色器程序
+         GLES20.glUniformMatrix4fv(muMMatrixHandle, 1, false, MatrixState.getMMatrix(), 0);   
+         //将光源位置传入着色器程序   
+         GLES20.glUniform3fv(maLightLocationHandle, 1, MatrixState.lightPositionFB);
+         //将摄像机位置传入着色器程序   
+         GLES20.glUniform3fv(maCameraHandle, 1, MatrixState.cameraFB);
+         // 将顶点位置数据传入渲染管线
+         GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer  
+         (
+         		maPositionHandle,   
+         		3, 
+         		GLES20.GL_FLOAT, 
+         		false,
+                3*4,   
+                mVertexBuffer
+         );       
+         //将顶点法向量数据传入渲染管线
+         GLES20.glVertexAttribPointer  
+         (
+        		maNormalHandle, 
+         		3,   
+         		GLES20.GL_FLOAT, 
+         		false,
+                3*4,   
+                mNormalBuffer
+         );   
+         //启用顶点位置、法向量数据
+         GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(maPositionHandle);  
+         GLES20.glEnableVertexAttribArray(maNormalHandle);  
+         //绘制被加载的物体
+         GLES20.glDrawArrays(GLES20.GL_TRIANGLES, 0, vCount); 
+    }
+}

第9章 3D模型加载/Sample9_2/src/com/bn/Sample9_2/MatrixState.java

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+package com.bn.Sample9_2;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.nio.FloatBuffer;
+import java.util.*;
+import android.opengl.Matrix;
+
+//存储系统矩阵状态的类
+public class MatrixState 
+{
+	private static float[] mProjMatrix = new float[16];//4x4矩阵 投影用
+    private static float[] mVMatrix = new float[16];//摄像机位置朝向9参数矩阵   
+    private static float[] currMatrix;//当前变换矩阵
+    public static float[] lightLocation=new float[]{0,0,0};//定位光光源位置
+    public static FloatBuffer cameraFB;    
+    public static FloatBuffer lightPositionFB;
+    
+    public static Stack<float[]> mStack=new Stack<float[]>();//保护变换矩阵的栈
+    
+    public static void setInitStack()//获取不变换初始矩阵
+    {
+    	currMatrix=new float[16];
+    	Matrix.setRotateM(currMatrix, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0);
+    }
+    
+    public static void pushMatrix()//保护变换矩阵
+    {
+    	mStack.push(currMatrix.clone());
+    }
+    
+    public static void popMatrix()//恢复变换矩阵
+    {
+    	currMatrix=mStack.pop();
+    }
+    
+    public static void translate(float x,float y,float z)//设置沿xyz轴移动
+    {
+    	Matrix.translateM(currMatrix, 0, x, y, z);
+    }
+    
+    public static void rotate(float angle,float x,float y,float z)//设置绕xyz轴移动
+    {
+    	Matrix.rotateM(currMatrix,0,angle,x,y,z);
+    }
+    
+    
+    //设置摄像机
+    public static void setCamera
+    (
+    		float cx,	//摄像机位置x
+    		float cy,   //摄像机位置y
+    		float cz,   //摄像机位置z
+    		float tx,   //摄像机目标点x
+    		float ty,   //摄像机目标点y
+    		float tz,   //摄像机目标点z
+    		float upx,  //摄像机UP向量X分量
+    		float upy,  //摄像机UP向量Y分量
+    		float upz   //摄像机UP向量Z分量		
+    )
+    {
+    	Matrix.setLookAtM
+        (
+        		mVMatrix, 
+        		0, 
+        		cx,
+        		cy,
+        		cz,
+        		tx,
+        		ty,
+        		tz,
+        		upx,
+        		upy,
+        		upz
+        );
+    	
+    	float[] cameraLocation=new float[3];//摄像机位置
+    	cameraLocation[0]=cx;
+    	cameraLocation[1]=cy;
+    	cameraLocation[2]=cz;
+    	
+    	ByteBuffer llbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(3*4);
+        llbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());//设置字节顺序
+        cameraFB=llbb.asFloatBuffer();
+        cameraFB.put(cameraLocation);
+        cameraFB.position(0);  
+    }
+    
+    //设置透视投影参数
+    public static void setProjectFrustum
+    (
+    	float left,		//near面的left
+    	float right,    //near面的right
+    	float bottom,   //near面的bottom
+    	float top,      //near面的top
+    	float near,		//near面距离
+    	float far       //far面距离
+    )
+    {
+    	Matrix.frustumM(mProjMatrix, 0, left, right, bottom, top, near, far);    	
+    }
+    
+    //设置正交投影参数
+    public static void setProjectOrtho
+    (
+    	float left,		//near面的left
+    	float right,    //near面的right
+    	float bottom,   //near面的bottom
+    	float top,      //near面的top
+    	float near,		//near面距离
+    	float far       //far面距离
+    )
+    {    	
+    	Matrix.orthoM(mProjMatrix, 0, left, right, bottom, top, near, far);
+    }   
+   
+    //获取具体物体的总变换矩阵
+    public static float[] getFinalMatrix()
+    {
+    	float[] mMVPMatrix=new float[16];
+    	Matrix.multiplyMM(mMVPMatrix, 0, mVMatrix, 0, currMatrix, 0);
+        Matrix.multiplyMM(mMVPMatrix, 0, mProjMatrix, 0, mMVPMatrix, 0);        
+        return mMVPMatrix;
+    }
+    
+    //获取具体物体的变换矩阵
+    public static float[] getMMatrix()
+    {       
+        return currMatrix;
+    }
+    
+    //设置灯光位置的方法
+    public static void setLightLocation(float x,float y,float z)
+    {
+    	lightLocation[0]=x;
+    	lightLocation[1]=y;
+    	lightLocation[2]=z;
+    	ByteBuffer llbb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(3*4);
+        llbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());//设置字节顺序
+        lightPositionFB=llbb.asFloatBuffer();
+        lightPositionFB.put(lightLocation);
+        lightPositionFB.position(0);
+    }
+}

第9章 3D模型加载/Sample9_2/src/com/bn/Sample9_2/MySurfaceView.java

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+package com.bn.Sample9_2;
+import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView;
+import android.opengl.GLES20;
+import android.view.MotionEvent;
+import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLConfig;
+import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;
+import android.content.Context;
+
+class MySurfaceView extends GLSurfaceView 
+{
+	private final float TOUCH_SCALE_FACTOR = 180.0f/320;//角度缩放比例
+    private SceneRenderer mRenderer;//场景渲染器    
+    
+    private float mPreviousY;//上次的触控位置Y坐标
+    private float mPreviousX;//上次的触控位置X坐标
+	
+	public MySurfaceView(Context context) {
+        super(context);
+        this.setEGLContextClientVersion(2); //设置使用OPENGL ES2.0
+        mRenderer = new SceneRenderer();	//创建场景渲染器
+        setRenderer(mRenderer);				//设置渲染器		        
+        setRenderMode(GLSurfaceView.RENDERMODE_CONTINUOUSLY);//设置渲染模式为主动渲染   
+    }
+	
+	//触摸事件回调方法
+    @Override 
+    public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent e) 
+    {
+        float y = e.getY();
+        float x = e.getX();
+        switch (e.getAction()) {
+        case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
+            float dy = y - mPreviousY;//计算触控笔Y位移
+            float dx = x - mPreviousX;//计算触控笔X位移
+            mRenderer.yAngle += dx * TOUCH_SCALE_FACTOR;//设置沿x轴旋转角度
+            mRenderer.zAngle+= dy * TOUCH_SCALE_FACTOR;//设置沿z轴旋转角度
+            requestRender();//重绘画面
+        }
+        mPreviousY = y;//记录触控笔位置
+        mPreviousX = x;//记录触控笔位置
+        return true;
+    }
+
+	private class SceneRenderer implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer 
+    {  
+		float yAngle;//绕Y轴旋转的角度
+    	float zAngle; //绕Z轴旋转的角度
+    	//从指定的obj文件中加载对象
+		LoadedObjectVertexNormal lovo;
+    	
+        public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) 
+        { 
+        	//清除深度缓冲与颜色缓冲
+            GLES20.glClear( GLES20.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT | GLES20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
+
+            //坐标系推远
+            MatrixState.pushMatrix();
+            MatrixState.translate(0, -2f, -25f);   //ch.obj
+            //绕Y轴、Z轴旋转
+            MatrixState.rotate(yAngle, 0, 1, 0);
+            MatrixState.rotate(zAngle, 1, 0, 0);
+            
+            //若加载的物体部位空则绘制物体
+            if(lovo!=null)
+            {
+            	lovo.drawSelf();
+            }   
+            MatrixState.popMatrix();                  
+        }  
+
+        public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {
+            //设置视窗大小及位置 
+        	GLES20.glViewport(0, 0, width, height); 
+        	//计算GLSurfaceView的宽高比
+            float ratio = (float) width / height;
+            //调用此方法计算产生透视投影矩阵
+            MatrixState.setProjectFrustum(-ratio, ratio, -1, 1, 2, 100);
+            //调用此方法产生摄像机9参数位置矩阵
+            MatrixState.setCamera(0,0,0,0f,0f,-1f,0f,1.0f,0.0f);
+        }
+
+        public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {
+            //设置屏幕背景色RGBA
+            GLES20.glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);    
+            //打开深度检测
+            GLES20.glEnable(GLES20.GL_DEPTH_TEST);
+            //打开背面剪裁   
+            GLES20.glEnable(GLES20.GL_CULL_FACE);
+            //初始化变换矩阵
+            MatrixState.setInitStack();
+            //初始化光源位置
+            MatrixState.setLightLocation(40, 10, 20);
+            //加载要绘制的物体
+            lovo=LoadUtil.loadFromFile("ch.obj", MySurfaceView.this.getResources(),MySurfaceView.this);
+        }
+    }
+}

第9章 3D模型加载/Sample9_2/src/com/bn/Sample9_2/Sample9_2_Activity.java

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package com.bn.Sample9_2;
+import android.app.Activity;
+import android.content.pm.ActivityInfo;
+import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.view.Window;
+import android.view.WindowManager;
+ 
+public class Sample9_2_Activity extends Activity {
+	private MySurfaceView mGLSurfaceView;
+    @Override
+    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) 
+    {
+        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);         
+        //设置为全屏
+        requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE); 
+		getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN ,  
+		              WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);
+		//设置为横屏模式
+		setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE);
+			
+		//初始化GLSurfaceView
+        mGLSurfaceView = new MySurfaceView(this);
+        setContentView(mGLSurfaceView);	
+        mGLSurfaceView.requestFocus();//获取焦点
+        mGLSurfaceView.setFocusableInTouchMode(true);//设置为可触控  
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onResume() {
+        super.onResume();
+        mGLSurfaceView.onResume();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onPause() {
+        super.onPause();
+        mGLSurfaceView.onPause();
+    }    
+}
+
+
+

第9章 3D模型加载/Sample9_2/src/com/bn/Sample9_2/ShaderUtil.java

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+package com.bn.Sample9_2;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+
+import android.content.res.Resources;
+import android.opengl.GLES20;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+//加载顶点Shader与片元Shader的工具类
+public class ShaderUtil 
+{
+   //加载制定shader的方法
+   public static int loadShader
+   (
+		 int shaderType, //shader的类型  GLES20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER   GLES20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER
+		 String source   //shader的脚本字符串
+   ) 
+   {
+	    //创建一个新shader
+        int shader = GLES20.glCreateShader(shaderType);
+        //若创建成功则加载shader
+        if (shader != 0) 
+        {
+        	//加载shader的源代码
+            GLES20.glShaderSource(shader, source);
+            //编译shader
+            GLES20.glCompileShader(shader);
+            //存放编译成功shader数量的数组
+            int[] compiled = new int[1];
+            //获取Shader的编译情况
+            GLES20.glGetShaderiv(shader, GLES20.GL_COMPILE_STATUS, compiled, 0);
+            if (compiled[0] == 0) 
+            {//若编译失败则显示错误日志并删除此shader
+                Log.e("ES20_ERROR", "Could not compile shader " + shaderType + ":");
+                Log.e("ES20_ERROR", GLES20.glGetShaderInfoLog(shader));
+                GLES20.glDeleteShader(shader);
+                shader = 0;      
+            }  
+        }
+        return shader;
+    }
+    
+   //创建shader程序的方法
+   public static int createProgram(String vertexSource, String fragmentSource) 
+   {
+	    //加载顶点着色器
+        int vertexShader = loadShader(GLES20.GL_VERTEX_SHADER, vertexSource);
+        if (vertexShader == 0) 
+        {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        
+        //加载片元着色器
+        int pixelShader = loadShader(GLES20.GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, fragmentSource);
+        if (pixelShader == 0) 
+        {
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        //创建程序
+        int program = GLES20.glCreateProgram();
+        //若程序创建成功则向程序中加入顶点着色器与片元着色器
+        if (program != 0) 
+        {
+        	//向程序中加入顶点着色器
+            GLES20.glAttachShader(program, vertexShader);
+            checkGlError("glAttachShader");
+            //向程序中加入片元着色器
+            GLES20.glAttachShader(program, pixelShader);
+            checkGlError("glAttachShader");
+            //链接程序
+            GLES20.glLinkProgram(program);
+            //存放链接成功program数量的数组
+            int[] linkStatus = new int[1];
+            //获取program的链接情况
+            GLES20.glGetProgramiv(program, GLES20.GL_LINK_STATUS, linkStatus, 0);
+            //若链接失败则报错并删除程序
+            if (linkStatus[0] != GLES20.GL_TRUE) 
+            {
+                Log.e("ES20_ERROR", "Could not link program: ");
+                Log.e("ES20_ERROR", GLES20.glGetProgramInfoLog(program));
+                GLES20.glDeleteProgram(program);
+                program = 0;
+            }
+        }
+        return program;
+    }
+    
+   //检查每一步操作是否有错误的方法 
+   public static void checkGlError(String op) 
+   {
+        int error;
+        while ((error = GLES20.glGetError()) != GLES20.GL_NO_ERROR) 
+        {
+            Log.e("ES20_ERROR", op + ": glError " + error);
+            throw new RuntimeException(op + ": glError " + error);
+        }
+   }
+   
+   //从sh脚本中加载shader内容的方法
+   public static String loadFromAssetsFile(String fname,Resources r)
+   {
+   	String result=null;    	
+   	try
+   	{
+   		InputStream in=r.getAssets().open(fname);
+			int ch=0;
+		    ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+		    while((ch=in.read())!=-1)
+		    {
+		      	baos.write(ch);
+		    }      
+		    byte[] buff=baos.toByteArray();
+		    baos.close();
+		    in.close();
+   		result=new String(buff,"UTF-8"); 
+   		result=result.replaceAll("\\r\\n","\n");
+   	}
+   	catch(Exception e)
+   	{
+   		e.printStackTrace();
+   	}    	
+   	return result;
+   }
+}